What analogies does Chapter 8 use to describe the nature of the human body and the passage of time?

In its philosophical section, Chapter 8 employs powerful analogies to illustrate the transient nature of life and the body. To describe the body's constant state of change, it uses the metaphor of a lamp flame. The text explains that like a flame, the body appears to be the same from beginning to end, but in reality, it is different every single moment. What is seen one moment perishes in the next. Furthermore, to emphasize its impurity and impermanence, the chapter describes the body in stark terms as a "washroom of excrement and urine" and a "foul place of phlegm, pus, and saliva," where death is a constant possibility at every moment.